先天免疫系统不良疾病（SCID），又称严重复合型免疫缺乏症或重症联合免疫缺陷病，是一种罕有遗传病，患者因体内不能制造足够白血球而导致先天抵抗力不良，一旦受感染就可能有生命危险。
来自英国的一个案例，11个月大的小男孩Imtiyaz Ahmed是SCID患者，他同患此症的哥哥已经因受感染而不幸离世，Imtiyaz在伦敦Great Ormond Street Hospital接受了脐血干细胞移植后成功治癒。
由于脐血干细胞移植有不少优胜之处，部份医生开始采用脐血干细胞移植医治儿童SCID。在Imtiyaz的成功案例里，脐血来自非亲属捐赠者，所以预先储存脐血干细胞除了是以备不时之需，更有机会救人一命。
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